Volcanoes of Japan

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 79. Chapters: Izu-Bonin volcanic arc, Southern Kuriles, Volcanic calderas of Japan, Volcanoes of Hokkaido, Volcanoes of Honshu, Volcanoes of Kyushu, Mount Fuji, Iwo Jima, Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc, Kuril Islands dispute, Bonin Islands, List of volcanoes in Japan, Mount Asama, Niijima, Mount Unzen, Sakurajima, Izu Islands, Lake Mashu, Hachijojima, Mount Norikura, Mount Haku, Historic eruptions of Mount Fuji, Miyakejima, Akan Volcanic Complex, Torishima, Southern Yatsugatake Volcanic Group, Yatsugatake Mountains, Lake Shikotsu, Shinmoedake, Northern Yatsugatake Volcanic Group, Daisetsuzan Volcanic Group, Mount Aso, Myojin-sho, Daisen, Izu Peninsula, Ko Island, Lot's Wife, Shikotan, Kikai Caldera, Habomai Islands, Asahidake, Tokachi Volcanic Group, Mount Eniwa, Shikinejima, Bayonnaise Rocks, Mount Ontake, Iojima, Kagoshima, Lake Towada, Mount Myoko, Mount Seppiko, Nakanoshima, Mount Iwaki, Naruko, Mount Nantai, Nemuro Subprefecture, Mount Haruna, Hachijokojima, Mount Tarumae, Mount Azumaya, Mount Rausu, Mount Akagi, Lake Toya, Aogashima, Lake Kussharo, Mount Yake, Mount Shari, Funagata volcano, Onoharajima, Tomuraushi Volcanic Group, Smith Island, Mount Oakan, Kuchinoerabujima, Mount Rishiri, Mount Bandai, Udoneshima, Mount Kamui, Kozushima, Lake Kuttara, Mount Maru, Inambajima, Lake Ashi, Akusekijima, Mount Raiden Volcanic Group, Mount Yotei, Nipesotsu-Maruyama Volcanic Group, Niseko Volcanic Group, Mount Tomuraushi, Mount Io, Mount Zao, Mount Tateshina, Volcano Islands, Mount Nagi, Shikaribetsu Volcanic Group, Mount Meakan, Showashinzan, Mount Usu, Mount Yufu, Mount Tsurumi, Mount Unabetsu, Suwanosejima, Mount Mekunnai, Lake Tazawa, Aira Caldera, Lvinaya Past, Mount Shiretoko, Mount Adatara, Mount Chokai, Mount Onnebetsu, Akahoya eruption, Mount Iwate, Mount Fuppushi, Hokkaido Komagatake, Fukutoku-Okanoba, Mount Hobutsu, Mount Kuro, Mount Kusatsu-Shirane, Mount Tokachi, Kaimondake volcano, Mount Nikko-Shirane, Mount Chubetsu, Kikai Island, Mount Kuma, Mount Nagayama, Shikotan District, Hokkaido, Daikon Island, Mount Hakuun, Mount Nekomadake, Mount Upepesanke, Mount Koizumi, Golovnin, Mount Eboshi, Mount Keigetsu, Yuzhno-Kurilsky District, Mount Nipesotsu, Mount Ryoun, Mount Hokuchin, Nanpo Islands, All-Russian Committee for Defence of Kuriles, Yokoatejima, Kurose Hole, Yuri, Tokachi-Mitsumata Caldera, Setouchi Volcanic Belt, Shirasu-Daichi. Excerpt: The Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) arc system is an outstanding example of a plate tectonic convergent boundary. IBM extends over 2800 km south from Tokyo, Japan, to beyond Guam, and includes the Izu Islands, Bonin Islands, and Mariana Islands; much more of the IBM arc system is submerged below sealevel. The IBM arc system lies along the eastern margin of the Philippine Sea Plate in the Western Pacific Ocean. It is most famous for being the site of the deepest gash in Earth's solid surface, the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. The IBM arc system formed as a result of subduction of the western Pacific plate. The IBM arc system now subducts mid-Jurassic to Early Cretaceous lithosphere, with younger lithosphere in the north and older lithosphere in the south, including the oldest (~170 million years old, or Ma) oceanic crust. Subduction rates vary from ~2 cm (1 inch) per year in the south to 6 cm (~2.5 inches) in the north. The volcanic islands that comprise these island arcs are thought to have been formed from the release of volatiles (steam from trapped water, and other g...