Ptarna1

High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! PtaRNA1 (plasmid transferred antisense RNA) is a family of non-coding RNAs. Homologs of PtaRNA1 can be found found in the proteobacteria families, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. In all cases the PtaRNA1 is located anti-sense to a short protein coding gene. In Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, this gene is annotated as XCV2162. These proteins make up the plasmid toxin family. Both PtaRNA1 and the corrosponding gene, which only appear only in combination, have an erratic phylogenetic distribution. The distribution of ptaRNA1 is not congruent with the phylogeny of the host species as it is with other sRNA families such as Yfr1 and Yfr2. This indicates that ptaRNA1 has undergone frequent horizontal gene transfer. These observations are in accordance with those made of Type I toxin-antitoxin systems. In Type I toxin-antitoxin systems, the gene expression of a toxic protein is regulated by a small non-coding RNA.