Literary movements

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 137. Chapters: Romanticism, Lost Generation, Symbolism, New Wave science fiction, Acmeist poetry, Beat Generation, Cavalier poet, Naturalism, Costumbrismo, Romanticism in Spanish literature, Positivism, Latin American Boom, New York School, Harlem Renaissance, Modernist poetry in English, Weimar Classicism, Prakalpana Movement, Law and literature, New Italian Epic, Literary nonsense, Paryavaran Kavitodyamam, Bizarro fiction, War novel, Niggerati, British Poetry Revival, Félibrige, George Oppen, Postcolonial literature, Generation of '27, Second Sophistic, Négritude, Jindyworobak Movement, Underground Literary Alliance, Hungry generation, San Francisco Renaissance, List of literary movements, Neo-romanticism, Romanticism and the French Revolution, Non-conformists of the 1930s, Serapion Brothers, Progressive Writers' Movement, Sensibility, Generation of '98, Maximalism, Spoken word soul, Parnassianism, Russian Futurism, Migrant literature, Decadent movement, Black Mountain poets, Mundane science fiction, Native American Renaissance, Hysterical realism, Yiddish Renaissance, Recluse literature, Créolité, Brutalists, New Apocalyptics, Dolce Stil Novo, Misty Poets, Onirism, Indianism, Ultraist movement, Novísimos, Abbaye de Créteil, Wiener Gruppe, Ultra-Romanticism, Birmingham Group, Neoavanguardia, Imaginism, Impressionism, Exiled in Paris, I Novel, Condorism, Mystical Anarchism, Atomic bomb literature, Young Vienna, Dirty realism, Classical Prose Movement, Offbeat generation, Grupo Taller de Estocolmo, Chemical generation, Hussards, Deep image, Fabulation, Déprimisme, Blank Generation, Quantum aesthetics, Ego-Futurism, Conceptismo, Decadentism, Pink Decade, Unanimism, Crack Movement, Post-Futurism, Criollismo, Neo-experimentalism, Fantastic realism, Créolie, Xungen movement, Symbolist Manifesto, Akhmatova's Orphans. Excerpt: Romanticism (or the Romantic Era) was an artistic, literary and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, and gained strength in reaction to the Industrial Revolution. In part, it was a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography, education and natural history. The movement validated strong emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as trepidation, horror and terror and awe-especially that which is experienced in confronting the sublimity of untamed nature and its picturesque qualities, both new aesthetic categories. It elevated folk art and ancient custom to something noble, made of spontaneity a desirable character (as in the musical impromptu), and argued for a "natural" epistemology of human activities as conditioned by nature in the form of language and customary usage. Romanticism reached beyond the rational and Classicist ideal models to elevate a revived medievalism and elements of art and narrative perceived to be authentically medieval, in an attempt to escape the confines of population growth, urban sprawl, and industrialism, and it also attempted to embrace the exotic, unfamiliar, and distant in modes more authentic than Rococo chinoiserie, harnessing the power of the imagination to envision and to escape. The modern sense of a romantic character may be expressed in Byronic...